![]() ![]() Yeast is then added – many breweries use their own strain of yeast as this can be important to the flavour of the beer.After the cereals have been mashed, the wort is boiled with hops (a flowering plant that gives beer its characteristic bitter flavour).Sugar syrups can also be used in the production of many beers, as can commercial enzymes. Beer can be made from any cereal, such as malt, rice, wheat or maize.All of these can be made anywhere in the world, and although there may be regional variations, they all follow the same basic principles of production. Beer can take many forms, such as lager, stout and ale.Unlike Scotch whisky, wine does continue to mature in the bottle.The juice is then fermented, and many wines are aged in vats of barrels prior to bottling. Grapes for both white and red wines are carefully selected and then crushed to release the juice.Most commercial wines are made from grapes although other plants can be used, such as damsons or elderflowers. Wine can be made anywhere in the world.Denmark and Germany are the main producers of schnapps.Schnapps is a generic term for a flavourful alcoholic beverage made from grain or potato spirit, and flavoured with various herbs of fruits such as apple, cinnamon, vanilla or peach.The ‘must’ is the non-liquid pulp of the grape.It is produced from the fermented and distilled ‘must’ left over from wine extraction. Grappa is mainly made in Italy and Austria.The spirit is then redistilled in a Gin Still, often using botanicals such as juniper berries, angelica, liquorice and cinnamon.To produce gin, a neutral spirit, such as that used for vodka, is required.The spirit is passed over a bed of charcoal to mellow before being reduced to bottling strength.Often the spirit is produced in a grain whisky distillery by slightly modifying the way that the Coffey Still is set. ![]() Traditional vodka was made from potatoes in Russia, however it is now more common to produce it from cereals such as wheat and maize, and it is made all over the world.Colour for dark rum is acquired by adding caramel, followed by aging in casks. Rum is colourless to begin with and is known as white, or light, rum.Its origins are the Caribbean, on islands such as Jamaica, Trinidad, and Cuba. Rum is a spirit produced from fermented and distilled sugar cane products – most commonly molasses.VSOP stands for Very Superior Old Pale – it appears on the label of a bottle of Cognac is the youngest Cognac is between 4 ½ and 6 ½ years old.It must be matured for at least 2 ½ years, and the age on a bottle of Cognac represents the youngest Cognac used in the blend. Cognac is a type of brandy which can only be made from wine produced in designated growning regions of western France.The term ‘brandy’ comes from the Dutch ‘Brandjewijn’, meaning ‘burnt wine’. Brandy is a wine made from graps which is then distilled and matured.Most blended Japanese whiskies do use an amount of Scotch malt whisky in their composition – usually this is aged over five years old.This means that the process of making Japanese whisky is very similar to Scotch whisky production, however Japanese whisky has no legal minimal maturation period. It was inspired by Scotch whisky – Scottish academic institutions trained the first whisky makers of Japan. Japanese whisky came into being in the 1920s.Tennessee whiskey is made in the same way as bourbon, but it is charcoal mellowed before maturation.Rye whiskies send to be spicier in character.Examples of rye whiskey include Wild Turkey Rye and Jim Beam Rye. Rye whiskey is made in the same way as bourbon, but is made up of 51% rye.Bourbon spirit is always matured in fresh oak casks, which are charred to yield more flavour.Distillation of bourbon usually takes place in a column still and then a pot still, but sometimes only column stills are used – Woodford Reserve operate a triple distillation in pot stills.In Bourbon whiskey, the residue from the pot still is mixed with the mash to create a ‘sour mash’ whiskey.Bourbon is a very small area of Kentucky where bourbons were originally produced, but since 1964 American law has stated bourbon can be made anywhere in the USA.Examples of bourbon include Jim Beam and Wild Turkey whiskey. Bourbon is American whiskey that has been made from a minimum of 51% corn with rye and malted barley.Other whiskies from around the world Bourbon ![]()
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